obv. Macedonian hunter riding horse right, wearing kausia and holding two spears rev. Forepart of lion right, vertical line of dots behind, within shallow incuse square. After the death of Alexander I in 454, it was his eldest son Alketas II who succeeded him. But Macedonia began to fall apart. Macedonian tribes became almost completely autonomous, and were only loosely allied to the king. Perdikkas II was a younger son of Alexander I, by whom he had four brothers, Alketas II, Philippos, Menelaus and Amyntas, and a sister, Stratonice. King Alketas II was murdered circa 450 BC, at the hands of Perdikkas′ son Archelaus I, which resulted in Perdikkas′ elevation. Perdikkas became the new king of Macedonia.By 434, Perdikkas′ younger brother Philippos was challenging Perdikkas for the throne, having enlisted the support of Athens and King Derdas of Elimea. Perdikkas responded by stirring up rebellion in a number of Athenian tribute cities, including Potidaea. Athens responded with force, and sent 1000 hoplites and 30 ships to Macedonia where they captured Therma. They went on to besiege Pydna, where they were met by reinforcements of a further 2000 hoplites and 40 ships. However, as the Athenians were besieging Pydna, they received news that Corinth had sent a force of 1600 hoplites and 400 light troops to support Potidaea. In order to combat this new threat, Athens made an alliance with Perdikkas, and proceeded to Potidaea. Perdikkas immediately broke the treaty and marched to Potidaea. While the Athenians were eventually victorious, the battle (along with the Battle of Sybota) directly led to the Peloponnesian War. After this, Perdikkas was allied to the Spartans and, in 424, helped the Spartan Brasidas to take Amphipolis from the Athenians, one of her most important colonies, mainly for its ready access to timber for her fleets. This was a severe blow to Athens, and would tie them to Macedonian timber for years to come, which strengthened Macedonia′s bargaining power considerably. In return for this, the Spartans helped Perdikkas secure his borders, by leading an assault on King Arrhabaeus of Lyncestis, with the promise of support from the Illyrians (Battle of Lyncestis). However, the Illyrians switched sides and attacked Perdikkas and his Spartan allies. The poorly trained Macedonian troops fled, and so the Spartans also retreated and attacked the Macedonian baggage train in anger. This soured relations between Macedonia and the Peloponnese for years to come, and pushed Perdikkas closer to Athens, allying himself with them in 423. By 417, Perdikkas had left the Athenians and joined the Spartan-Argive alliance. Just four years later, bowing to Athenian pressure, Perdikkas broke with the Peloponnese, and aided Athens in their attack on Amphipolis. In 413 BC he died, leaving his son Archelaus as heir. HGC 3, no.790 | Weber collection- (cf.2022) | McClean 3278 (Alexander I) Babelon Traité Pl.XLVIII, 18 | SNG.ANS.50 | Raymond 1953, group IV, 185b SNG.Copenhagen 498 | SNG.München 18R Attractive coin with patina. Rare. vf
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