obv. Diademed and draped bust of Phraates III left, wearing short beard and torque,within pelleted border rev. Archer (Arsakes I) seated right on throne, holding bow, monogram in right field below bow, BAΣIΛEΩΣ MEΓAΛOY above APΣAKOY on right, ΦIΛOΠATOPOΣ EYEPΓETOY on left, EΠIΦANOYΣ ΦIΛEΛΛHNOΣ below
Phraates III (Parthian:Frahāt), was King of Kings of the Arsacid Empire from 69 to 57 BC. He was the son and successor of Sinatruces. He was called "the Gold" because of his coins, that were ideal for sailors because they were polished with gold dust, so that people from other countries considered their value higher than their actual value.
When Phraates III came to the throne in 69 BC, the Roman general Lucullus was preparing to attack Tigranes the Great, king of Armenia, who was supreme in western Asia and had wrested Mesopotamia and several vassal states from Parthia. Naturally, Phraates declined to assist Mithradates VI of Pontus and Tigranes against the Romans. Instead, he supported his son-in-law, the younger Tigranes, when he rebelled against his father, and invaded Armenia in 65 BC in alliance with Pompey, who abandoned Mesopotamia to the Parthians. But the desperate Pompey soon overrode the pompous treaty he acknowledged the elder Tigranes, took his son prisoner, occupied the vassal states Gordyene and Osroene for the Romans, and denied the title of "king of kings," which Phraates had adopted again, to the Parthian king.
About 57 BC Phraates was murdered by his two sons, Orodes II and Mithridates IV. Mithridates IV, who was the elder brother of Orodes II, was at first supported by the latter. However, this was shortlived: with the support of the Suren clan, Orodes II revolted against his brother, and by 55 BC was the sole ruler of the Arsacid Empire.
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